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討論區/素食快訊/趨勢 文章

主題: 紐約時報 假肉革命 植物飲食是未來
作者: 做個素食英雄吧
文 章 編 號: 第 230171 篇
發 表 日 期: 2015/10/23 7:35:31
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http://www.twincities.com/columnists/ci_28878641/nicholas-kristof-fake-meat-revolution

Nicholas Kristof: The (fake) meat revolutionBy Nicholas KristofPOSTED:   09/28/2015 
If only meat weren't so delicious! Sure, meat may pave the way to a heart attack.

Yes, factory farms torture animals. Indeed, producing a single hamburger patty

requires more water than two weeks of showers. But for those of us who are weak willed,

there's nothing like a juicy burger.
Ah, but that's changing.
A revolution is unfolding in the food world, resulting in the first alternatives to meat that

taste like the real thing. Veggie burgers used to seem like a blend of tofu and cardboard,

but in the last few years food scientists have come up with first-rate faux chicken strips and

beef crumbles.
It will be awhile before we're fooled by a fake sirloin steak, but scientists think they'll

eventually get there. And before long you'll walk down the meat aisle of your supermarket

and see plant-based "meat," even leaking "blood." These meat alternatives could end up

being cheaper than real meat. Buyers won't just be vegans but also carnivores simply

looking for healthy, sustainable, cheap food.
So look out. If the alternatives to meat are tasty, healthier, cheaper, better for the environment

and pose fewer ethical challenges, the result may be a revolution in the human diet.
"The next couple of years will be exciting ones," says Joseph D. Puglisi, a Stanford University

professor of structural biology who is working on meat alternatives. "We can use a broad

range of plant protein sources and create a palette of textures and tastes -- for example, jerky,

cured meats, sausage, pork.
Advertisement
 " "The true challenge will be to recreate more complex pieces of meat that are the pinnacle

of the meat industry," he added. "I believe that plausible, good-tasting steaks and pork loins

are only a matter of time." Puglisi is advising Beyond Meat, a startup that is a leader in the field,

with investments from Bill Gates and both Biz Stone and Ev Williams of Twitter fame, not to

mention Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, the venture capital firm that backed Google and

Amazon. Beyond Meat says its sales are doubling each year."We're really focused on the

mainstream," said Ethan Brown, the founder of Beyond Meat, over a lunch of fake chili,

meatballs and hamburgers. It was a banquet of the bogus.
Brown, 44, is deeply concerned by climate change and spent eight years in a company making

hydrogen fuel cells. But he read that livestock cause more greenhouse gases than the entire

transportation industry, and he wondered if he shouldn't focus more on food.
He came across two University of Missouri scientists who had figured out how to realign plant

fibers into something more like meat, and began working with them. Brown founded Beyond

Meat in 2009, and Whole Foods helped the company develop imitation chicken strips that

were its first product.
At the beginning of 2013, its products were in 360 stores; now they are found in 7,500, and

will soon be in Wal-Marts as well. Beyond Meat is aiming to get its products on pizzas and

in fast-food restaurants and is targeting the average consumer.
"We want to create the next great American meat company," Brown says. "That's the dream."

One advantage is health. Beyond Meat's best-selling product, the Beast Burger, is loaded

with protein, vitamins, antioxidants and Omega-3s. The disadvantage, alas, is that it still

tastes a bit too virtuous.
Mock chicken and beef crumbles are triumphs when mixed in other foods (Whole Foods

once inadvertently swapped real curried chicken salad with fake curried chicken salad,

and no one noticed for two days). But if I were a cow, I might be a bit embarrassed

by Beyond Meat's meatballs and Beast Burger.

Moreover, prices are still a bit higher than real meat.
But both taste and price are likely to improve in the next few years, and other companies

are also making great progress. One of Beyond Meat's rivals is Impossible Foods, founded

by a Stanford University biochemist, Patrick O. Brown, and there is an explosion of research

in this field today.
The mainstream food industry isn't saying much publicly. But recently released documents

from the American Egg Board, a quasi-governmental body, show it regarded Hampton

Creek's egg-free "Just Mayo" spread as a "major threat." In one internal email, an Egg

Board executive jokingly suggests hiring a hit man to deal with Hampton Creek.
My take is that the optimal approach to food, for health and ethical reasons, may be

vegetarianism. But the average American still consumes close to half a pound of meat a day,

so a large-scale impact requires providing options for the ambivalent or weak willed among

us who can't quite make the leap.
And if I can still enjoy a juicy burger now and then, while boosting my health, helping the

environment and avoiding the brutalizing of farm animals, hey, I'm in!
Nicholas Kristof writes a column for the New York Times, 620 Eighth Ave., New York, NY 10018. He's at Facebook.com/Kristof and Twitter.com/NickKristof
 紐約時報  假肉革命 植物飲食是未來
中文翻譯如下~~感恩慈悲吃素
http://www.chinavegan.com/2015/10/2015100216303741.htm

如果只吃肉不那麼好吃! 當然,肉可以鋪平道路,以一個心髒發作。 是的,工廠化養殖場折磨動物

。 事實上,產生一個漢堡包肉餅需要超過兩周陣雨更多的水。 但對於我們這些誰是意志
薄弱,沒有什麼比多汁的漢堡包。
啊,但是這改變。
一場革命正在展開食品的世界,導致肉,味道像真的一樣的第一選擇。 素漢堡用來似乎是一個

混合豆腐和紙板,但在過去的幾年裡食品科學家們想出了一流的人造雞肉條和牛肉崩潰。
這將是一段時間之前,我們通過一個假牛排正在上當了,但科學家們認為他們最終會到達那裡。

不久之後,你會走你的超市的肉過道,看到植物為基礎的“肉”,甚至泄露“血液”。 這些
肉類的替代品最終可能會比真正的肉便宜。 買家將不僅是素食主義者,也食肉動物只是尋找健康的,

可持續的,廉價的食物。
所以看出來了。 如果替代肉的美味,更健康,更便宜,更好的環境,並造成更少的倫理挑戰,

其結果可能是人類飲食的一次革命。
“未來幾年將是令人興奮的,”約瑟夫D.普利西,結構生物學的斯坦福大學教授誰正在處理

的肉類替代品說。 “我們可以利用各種植物蛋白來源,創造的質感和口味的調色板 - 例如,肉干
,腌肉,香腸,豬肉。
 “”真正的挑戰將是重新創建更復雜的片肉是肉業的頂峰,“他補充說,”我認為合理的,

好吃的牛排,豬肉腰都只是時間問題。“普利西是建議除了肉類,啟動即是該領域的領導者,與比
爾·蓋茨和兩個比茲·斯通和Twitter的名氣EV威廉姆斯的投資,更何況凱鵬華&Byers公司,即支持

谷歌和亞馬遜的風險投資公司。超越肉說,每年的銷售額將增加一倍。“我們真正關注的主流,

”伊桑·布朗,除了肉類的創始人,在假辣椒,肉丸和漢堡包一個午餐會上說。 這是假的宴會。
布朗現年44歲,是深切關注氣候變化,花了八年屬公司的氫燃料電池。 但他讀比整個交通行業

的牲畜造成更多的溫室氣體,他想知道,如果他不應該更注重食物。
他遇到了密蘇裡大學的兩個誰曾想出如何重新調整植物纖維到更多的東西,如肉類科學家,並開

始與他們合作。 布朗創辦除了肉類至2009年,全食幫助該公司開發的仿雞塊的是它的第一個產
品。
在2013年初,其產品均在360店; 現在他們被發現在7500,不久將在沃爾瑪也是如此。 除了肉類的

目標是獲得其產品的比薩餅和快餐店,並針對普通消費者。
“我們希望創造下一個偉大的美國肉類公司,”布朗說。 “這是夢想。” 一個優點是健康。

除了肉最暢銷的產品,野獸漢堡,是富含蛋白質,維生素,抗氧化劑和ω-3脂肪酸。 它的缺點
,唉,就是它還是味道有點太賢惠。
雞肉和牛肉模擬是為碎料勝利時其他食物混合(全食一次,在不經意間交換真正的咖喱雞肉

沙拉用假咖喱雞肉沙拉,也沒有人注意到兩天)。 但如果我是一頭牛,我可能是有點超越肉類的肉
丸和野獸漢堡尷尬。此外,價格仍然比真正的肉類高一點。
但是味道和價格有可能改善,在未來的幾年裡,和其他公司也作出了巨大的進步。 一個除

了肉類的對手是不可能的食品,由斯坦福大學的生化學家,帕特裡克·O.布朗創辦,到今天還有研究
爆炸在這個領域。
主流食品行業不必多說了公開。 但是,從美國的蛋包飯,一個准政府機構最近公布的文件,

顯示它認為漢普頓河的蛋免費“只是梅奧”流傳為“重大威脅”。 在一個內部電子郵件,旦包飯
高管開玩笑地暗示雇佣殺手來對付漢普頓河。
我的觀點是,對食物的最佳方法,健康和道德上的原因,可能是素食主義。 不過,美國人平

均仍然消耗近50磅肉的一天,所以大規模的影響,需要提供選擇的矛盾或意志薄弱我們中間誰不能
完全實現飛躍。如果我仍然可以享受多汁的漢堡包,然後現在,同時提高了我的健康,有助於保護環

境,避免農場動物的殘忍,哎,我在!
紀思道寫一列紐約時報,620第八大道,紐約,NY 

「Vegan」是什麼? 
http://www.vegannewlife.org/about_vegan.php
我們希望可以打開人們的心靈,促使他們去接受更有愛心的生活方式。
∼ 麥特。保爾 (Vegan Outreach的共同創辦人)
Vegan的定義Vegan是一種堅持不傷害任何動物的生活方式。不僅在飲食方面不食用含有魚、肉、蛋

、奶製品的食物;並且在生活中不去使用任何含有動物成分的產品,或以動物測試的產品。
Vegan的字義Vegan的字義,同時含有「完全蔬食主義」( 純素主義 ),以及「完全蔬食主義者

」( 純素主義者 )兩種意涵。
Vegan同義於「愛」與「尊重生命」尊重生命,生命才會備受祝福。Vegan透露著神聖的愛的意識

,是一種愛的行動哲學,更是一種慈悲高雅的生活態度,不僅實踐低碳的環保生活方式,並且正

在開創一種宏觀、先進、時尚、無暴力的新時代文明!
Vegan的願景採行Vegan純素飲食,並且不使用動物產品,將會為人類、動物及整個地球,帶來健康

、和平、繁榮的新時代生活!
 
相關參考資料:
※ 國際素食協會的「Vegan」定義:純素主義者(Vegan):純素主義者可被定義為過著一

種純素主義的生活方式。即盡可能避免在取得食物、服裝等日常各方面需求時,以各種殘暴和

剝削的方法對待動物。純素主義者摒棄所有動物製品與加工品,包括動物肉(肉、家禽、魚、海

鮮與蛋)與動物製品(蛋和奶製品),且通常也不吃蜂蜜,不穿戴動物製品。(真皮、絲綢、羊毛

、羊毛脂、明膠...)。飲食上的完全素食者:遵守全素者的飲食方式,但不拒絕或排除不作食物的動物製品。
※ 為什麼要成為純素主義者?人類的畜牧業和家禽養殖業通常以冷酷的行為對待動物。這可能是許

多純素主義者遵循完全素食主義的唯一原因,但也有些人是出於健康、生態、靈修和其它原因。
※ 常用詞:1. 純素主義者(Vegan):摒棄動物肉(肉、家禽、魚和海鮮),動物製品(蛋和奶製

品)通常也不吃蜂蜜和不穿動物製品(真皮、絲綢、羊毛、羊毛脂、明膠...)。主要的全素團體都不

允許吃蜂蜜,但一些“完全素食者”也吃。2. 嚴格素食者(Strict vegetarian): 一開始是指完全素

食者,現在也可以指素食者。3. 純素食者(Pure vegetarian):與嚴格素食者一樣。
※ 英文“純素主義者”(Vegan)一詞如何發音?Vegan 這個詞是多納德。華特森在1940年左右

發明的。它的發音是"vee-gun",這種讀法是現在英國最常見的發音。沒人會說這麼讀不對,所以

這也是正式的讀音。在美國,Vegan 通常讀作"vee-jan"或"vay-gn"或"vee-gn",雖然美國素食

協會說正式的發音是和英國一樣的。英國、美國和其它地方讀音有可能不同,這是個有點兒棘

手的問題,所以準備好改變你的發音。

 

Yes! []~(▔▽▔)~*我們贏:6跡象表明素食主義接管

We’re Winning: 6 Signs That Veganism Is Taking Over


http://www.mfablog.org/were-winning-6-signs-that-veganism-is-taking

2015年10月22日 谷歌機器人翻譯的中文^^

1.肉類消費正在下降
 

 

越來越多的人都在吃少吃肉或贊成植物性食物完全拋棄它。 事實上,

在過去的10年中,美國的肉類消費量已經下降了10%!

美國農業部報告稱,4億減少動物被屠殺,2014年比2007年

那是誰也難幸免難以想像的痛苦一輩子的4億人。

2.多千禧都是素食主義者

 

更多的千禧一代是素食主義者比以往任何一代的成員。 據紐約時報 ,



“千禧一代據估計,12%的人說他們是”忠實的 素食主義者,

“與創X'ers 的4%,而嬰兒潮1個百分點。”

就連美聯社強調千禧背後的快速休閑餐廳越來越多的蔬菜選項的動力!

3.市場對素食食品的增長

 

在過去的十年中,零售市場的素食增加了一倍至$ 1.6十億!

今年早些時候,Marketwired展示了不斷增長的市場替代的蛋白質來源,

包括肉類的替代品,它聲稱“准備加速,可能聲稱達蛋白市場的三分之一由2054”

4.數百萬件投資

 

私人投資者將數以百萬計成食品初創公司一樣除了肉類 ,

其中有微軟巨頭比爾·蓋茨唱的贊美,或漢普頓河食品 ,

其中囊括了亞洲最富有的商人,李嘉誠的注意,再加上$ 23日萬美元的投資

5.環境意識提高

 

畜牧業是一個非常低效和資源密集型的方法來生產糧食的不斷增長的人口。

它污染了我們的環境,同時消耗數量巨大的水,糧食,石油,農藥和藥物。

由於改變生活的電影,比如Cowspiracy和大牌環保狀戈爾和詹姆斯·卡梅隆 ,

越來越多的人開始意識到工廠化養殖的嚴重的環境後果。

6.全國連鎖店都提供素食選項

 

越來越多的公司都實現了全素食品的日益普及,並提供人性化的素食主義者的選擇。

就在今年,白色城堡推出了其首個蔬菜滑塊,

TCBY 宣布美味的素食主義者的冷凍酸奶的味

道,宜家開始提供其經典的瑞典肉丸素食主義者版本,本和傑裡透露 ,

該公司正在開發無奶冰霜。

寫作是在牆上:工廠化養殖的日子已經屈指可數。

你可以加入越來越多的人正在一個獨立的動物,環境,

和自己的健康誰通過轉換到植物為主的飲食習慣。

1. Meat Consumption Is Declining
 
 
More and more people are eating less meat or ditching it altogether in favor
of plant-based foods. In fact, over the past 10 years, American meat consumption
has declined by 10 percent!
 
The USDA reports that 400 million fewer animals were slaughtered in 2014 than
in 2007. That’s 400 million individuals who were spared a lifetime of
unimaginable suffering.
 
2. More Millennials Are Vegetarian
 
 
More millennials are vegetarian than members of any previous generation.
According to The New York Times, “An estimated 12 percent of millennials
say they are ‘faithful vegetarians,’ compared with 4 percent of Gen X’ers and
1 percent of baby boomers.”
 
Even the Associated Press highlighted millennials as the driving force
behind the growing number of veg options at fast-casual restaurants!
 
3. Market for Vegan Foods Is Growing
 
 
In the past decade, the retail market for vegetarian foods has
doubled to $1.6 billion!
 
Earlier this year, Marketwired showcased the growing market for
alternative protein sources, including meat alternatives, which it claims
are “poised to accelerate, potentially claiming up to a third of the
protein market by 2054.”
 
4. Millions Are Being Invested
 
 
Private investors are putting millions into food startups like Beyond Meat,
which had Microsoft mogul Bill Gates singing its praises,
or Hampton Creek Foods, which garnered the attention of Asia’s
richest businessman, Li Ka-Shing, along with a $23 million investment.
 
5. Environmental Awareness Is Increasing
 
 
Animal agriculture is an extremely inefficient and resource-intensive
way to produce food for the growing human population. It pollutes our
environment while consuming huge quantities of water, grain, petroleum,
pesticides, and drugs.
Thanks to life-changing films like Cowspiracy and big-name environmentalists
like Al Gore and James Cameron, more people are becoming aware
of the serious environmental consequences of factory farming.
 
 
6. National Chains Are Offering Vegan Options
 
 
 
More and more companies are realizing the increasing popularity of
vegan foods and are offering humane vegan options.
 
Just this year, White Castle unveiled its first-ever veggie slider,
TCBYannounced a delicious vegan frozen yogurt flavor, Ikea began
offering a vegan version of its classic Swedish meatballs, and
Ben & Jerry’s revealed that the company is working on dairy-free ice cream.--
 
The writing is on the wall: factory farming’s days are numbered.
 
You can join the growing number of people who are taking a stand for
animals, the environment, and their own health by transitioning to a plant-based diet.
Click here to order your FREE Vegetarian Starter Guide.

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