以下是在美國國家生物技術資訊中心(National Center for Biotechnology Information)自己所整理的心得，給大家參考：
【蔥蒜對動物的危害】
雖然許多研究顯示蔥蒜可以減少血栓、抑制癌細胞，但目前亦有研究指出，蔥蒜對哺乳類動物(牛、羊、狗、馬、貓)的紅血球有溶血作用，會導致溶血性貧血(Hemolytic anemia)，而亦有研究指出，過量的蔥蒜萃取物會對實驗小白鼠造成溶血性貧血，因為動物的紅血球與人類的紅血球極為相似，對人類亦有"可能"有相似作用。
例如：
1.人造血不一定要用人血的紅血球製造，一般哺乳類動物的紅血球，也可製造人造血。
2.豬的紅血球與人類的B型紅血球極為相似。
(不過，目前尚無針對蔥蒜是否造成人類紅血球溶解的研究，可能這種實驗不容易拿到經費吧...)
◎ 紅血球簡介：
紅血球是脊椎動物動物所特有的，而脊椎動物中的哺乳動物是唯一紅血球無核者；哺乳動物的紅血球是無核的細胞，含有血紅素，具有運輸氧和二氧化碳的功能。
食物皆有其優劣點，很難下一定論，就像人都有其善惡面ㄧ樣，自在的吃出自己的素食飲食，勝過與人辯論。
◎ 參考文獻：(提供給有興趣者研讀)
Van Kampen KR, James LF, Johnson AE.
Hemolytic anemia in sheep fed wild onion (Allium validum).
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1970 Feb 1;156(3):328-32.
Pierce KR, Joyce JR, England RB, Jones LP.
Acute hemolytic anemia caused by wild onion poisoning in horses.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1972 Feb 1;160(3):323-7.
Harvey JW, Rackear D.
Experimental onion-induced hemolytic anemia in dogs.
Vet Pathol 1985;22:387–92.
Within one day following a single oral dose of dehydrated onions, dogs were found to have large numbers of Heinz bodies within erythrocytes. The percentage of erythrocytes that contained Heinz bodies increased slightly to a maximum on day 3 and then declined. The turbidity index increased more gradually with a maximal value on day 4. Erythrocytes with hemoglobin contracted to one side of the cell (eccentrocytes) also appeared after onion feeding. Eccentrocytes are believed to result from a direct injury to the erythrocyte membrane. As with Heinz body-containing cells, the percentages of eccentrocytes present declined as anemia developed. The packed cell volume began to decrease one day after onion administration. A mean decrease of 19 percentage points was reached by day 5. The most anemic dogs had evidence of intravascular hemolysis. Reticulocytosis was first observed five days after onion administration. A slight increase in methemoglobin content was measured four hours after onion administration. No significant changes in erythrocyte reduced glutathione concentration were measured. Transient neutrophilia occurred concomitant with the peak reticulocyte response.
Verhoeff J, Hajer R, van den Ingh TS.
Onion poisoning of young cattle.
Vet Rec. 1985 Nov 9;117(19):497-8.
Eighty-five cattle (calves and yearlings) were allowed 1000 kg of onions (Allium cepa) a day. Signs of poisoning were observed after five days; 22 animals were affected, one fatally. New illnesses continued to occur for five days after the withdrawal of onions from the diet. Clinical signs included inappetance, tachycardia, staggering and collapse, with jaundiced conjunctivae and haemoglobinuria. Haemolytic anaemia with Heinz bodies in the red cells and leucocytosis were demonstrated.
Yamoto O, Maede Y.
Susceptibility to onion induced hemolysis in dogs with hereditary high erythrocyte reduced glutathione and potassium concentration.
Am J Vet Res 1992; 53:134–7
Kaplan AJ.
Onion powder in baby food may induce anemia in cats [letter].
JAVMA 1995; 207:1405
Robertson JE, Christopher MM, Rogers QR.
Heinz body formation in cats fed baby food containing onion powder.
JAVMA 1998;212:1260–6.
Rae HA.
Onion toxicosis in a herd of beef cows.
Can Vet J. 1999 Jan;40(1):55-7.
A herd consumed approximately 20 kg onions/cow/day for 6 weeks. Five cows died and two aborted. Onion toxicosis results in methemoglobinemia and hemolytic anemia. These changes can cause secondary organ damage and death, if enough onions are consumed.
Munday R, Munday CM, Munday JS.
Hemolytic anemia and induction of phase II detoxification enzymes by diprop-1-enyl sulfide in rats: dose-response study.
J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Dec 14;53(25):9695-700.
Epidemiological evidence indicates that a high dietary intake of plants of the Allium family, such as garlic and onions, is associated with a decreased risk of cancer in humans. It has been suggested that this chemopreventative effect involves the ability of the aliphatic sulfides derived from these vegetables to increase tissue activities of phase II detoxification enzymes. Several highly effective inducers from garlic have been identified, but most of the previously studied compounds from onion have proved to be only weakly active. In the present study, the inductive activity of another onion-derived sulfide, diprop-1-enyl sulfide, has been investigated. This substance was a potent inducer of phase II enzymes in rats, showing significant effects in the lungs and in the lower part of the gastrointestinal tract, suggesting that diprop-1-enyl sulfide could be a useful chemopreventative agent at these sites. At high dose levels, diprop-1-enyl sulfide caused hemolytic anemia, which may be due to in vivo conversion of the sulfide to active metabolites.
1.蔥:包括洋葱.紅葱頭
2.蒜:當然包括蒜頭(白色球莖).大蒜(綠色葉?莖?)
3.韮:當然也包括韮菜花
(各位有沒有注意到,以上的植物都具黏黏滑滑的葉莖(內膜黏黏滑滑的,吃起來真噁心,以前還沒吃素時就不喜歡吃,總是要在碗裡把它們挑乾淨才吃)
4.薤:台語叫"路橋",鄉下的醬菜店才看得到,通常是呈現黃白色的醃漬狀態,很像蒜頭,但小一號,味道很嗆.
5.興渠:就是香煙啦,所以,沒看過出家人抽煙吧!
雖然以上都是植物,但因會損傷五臟,肝.心.脾.肺.腎,自己配,因為手邊沒有書,所以忘了哪一樣會損哪一臟,(這裡指的是臟氣,中醫講的氣血及經脈循行,像腎虧,就不是說腎臟不好,而是腎經不好)只知道香煙會傷肺.
有沒有發現上一餐吃蒜頭的人,是不是很難消除那可怕的氣味,而常抽煙的人,常吃魚的人,氣味也會"ㄉㄧㄠ"在他們身上,只有吃素的,身上的味道就"素素"的.
另外,多食五葷會助長淫欲,(曾經看過一個美食節目,就有介紹到葱和韮是植物威而剛)食宗教素的人大部份都是想修行,所以不吃它們,即使有結婚的人,應該也不會為了增進情趣而吃威而剛吧?
而且五葷是較陰性的食物,修行人就是要朝向光明,充滿陽氣.正氣,所以不吃.
那不是吃宗教素的人,而是吃健康素的人,如果只是相信西醫的那一套,總有一天會後悔,因為現在西方正積極地研究東方醫學,很多事情到目前為止還無法用科學解釋,並不是它不科學,而是目前的科學還未進步到可以解釋它的程度.
那如果是吃環保素的人,除了香煙會造成空氣污染外,其他的應該與環保扯不上關係.
很多吃葷的都主張吃蔥、蒜、韭菜等對身體很好
尤其他們的認知是蒜和蔥
除了有特別的味道之外
做調料或炒菜時加味用又可以增加香味
是別種食材無法取代的而對於五葷傷五臟的看法不予苟同
尤其後學有朋友還是在從事護理工作的人
有學過食療的更是不認同
認為蒜是極優的食物對身體也無百害
很難溝通
所以他們也不理解為什麼一樣是植物
如果跟他們說另一套說法降低對食或慾望
他們更是抱持懷疑
甚至覺得有時到朋友家作客朋友很不好做菜
當然大家會認為可以到外面吃但畢竟有時候是一定會在家裡用餐
真是被出考題了
大家的看法是什麼呢
